The 6 essential things to do in the Vatican

📋 Table of Contents

When discussing Rome, the Eternal City, it’s hard not to think of the Vatican. Despite being the smallest independent state in the world, the Pope’s residence is immensely rich in art, history, and of course, spirituality. The sight of the imposing dome of St. Peter’s Basilica will undoubtedly draw you in like a magnet. So why not spend a few hours on a memorable visit when you’re in the Italian capital? And if you’re wondering what to do in the Vatican, let us guide you through some of the must-do activities in this exceptional place.

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🗒️ Access, photos: The most frequently asked questions by visitors about the Vatican

Before we look at the must-do things in the Vatican, here are some common questions tourists have (and their answers, of course).

How long does it take to visit the Vatican Museums and St. Peter’s Basilica?

The duration of the visit depends on the individual visitor’s interest. However, generally, plan at least 3 to 4 hours to visit the Vatican Museums and the Sistine Chapel. For St. Peter’s Basilica, plan between 1 and 2 hours. If you plan to climb the dome of the basilica, add at least an extra hour. Thus, for a complete visit, a full day is recommended.

Are there days when the Vatican is closed to visitors?

Yes, there are days when the Vatican Museums are closed. They are generally closed on Sundays, except for the last Sunday of the month when entry is free. They are also closed on certain specific public holidays, such as Christmas Day and New Year’s Day. St. Peter’s Basilica has its own schedule, but is open every day except during special religious events.

Where is the main entrance to the Vatican Museums?

The main entrance to the Vatican Museums is on Viale Vaticano, north of St. Peter’s Basilica and St. Peter’s Square. It is separate from the basilica entrance. It’s advisable to check a map or use a mapping service to ensure you go to the right place, as the Vatican is a compact area with many buildings.

Can you take photos inside St. Peter’s Basilica and the Museums?

In St. Peter’s Basilica, non-flash photography is generally allowed. However, in the Vatican Museums, while non-flash photography is permitted in most rooms, it is strictly forbidden inside the Sistine Chapel. It’s always good to check for signage and follow staff instructions.

🔝 What are the things to do in the Vatican?

Now, let’s get down to business and see what are the must-do things in the Vatican City.

Admire the Sistine Chapel

A true jewel of the Vatican, the Sistine Chapel is world-renowned for its breathtaking frescoes created by Michelangelo. These works, notably the Creation of Adam on the vault and the Last Judgment on the altar wall, demonstrate an extraordinary level of artistic skill and spiritual devotion. The chapel has hosted papal conclaves and continues to be a place of prayer and contemplation for thousands daily. Visiting the Sistine Chapel is a must.

Note: Don’t expect to spend hours here. The queue can be long, and it’s constantly moving. If you linger too long, security will prompt you to move on, allowing others to admire the room.

Visit St. Peter’s Basilica

Undoubtedly one of the essential things to do in the Vatican, and possibly the most time-consuming – even more so than the museums. St. Peter’s Basilica is much more than a place of worship; it’s the heart of Catholicism. Designed by architectural giants like Bramante, Michelangelo, and Bernini, this church is a Renaissance masterpiece. Inside, pilgrims and visitors can behold Michelangelo’s Pietà, a poignant sculpture of the Virgin Mary cradling Jesus’s body. The complex of chapels, resplendent mosaics, and the atmosphere of devotion make it an unmissable site. You can easily imagine the feeling during a Papal celebration, like Christmas, even if you’re not a believer.

Climb St. Peter’s Dome

Beyond its impressive architectural stature, the dome of St. Peter’s offers an unforgettable experience: a climb to one of the best viewpoints over Rome. Visitors can ascend on foot or by elevator, through narrow spaces and winding staircases. At the top, the Eternal City unfolds before you, with its red roofs, historic monuments, and the Tiber winding through.

Learn in the Vatican Museums

The Vatican Museums celebrate art across the ages. From classical antiquity sculptures to Renaissance frescoes, each piece tells a story. The rooms are filled with works by legendary artists such as Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci, and Caravaggio. Highlights include the famous School of Athens in the Signature Room, depicting ancient Greek thinkers in a burst of colour and form.

Also, don’t miss the Gallery of Maps, a long corridor adorned with detailed topographical maps of Italy from the 16th century, and the Borgia Apartments, commissioned by Pope Alexander VI Borgia and decorated with frescoes by Renaissance painter Pinturicchio.

Booking tickets in advance is highly recommended, as queues can be very long, especially in peak tourist season. Dress appropriately, as overly casual attire may result in denied entry to the museums.

Stroll through the Vatican Gardens

These lush gardens are a peaceful retreat amidst the city’s hustle and bustle. They feature a variety of plants, ancient sculptures, stunning fountains, and even a miniature train. A walk here is a refreshing break from the crowds.

Key features in the gardens include the Lourdes Grotto, a replica of the Marian sanctuary in France, and the Casina Pio IV, now home to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. It’s a must-visit.

⚠️ Note: Access to the Vatican Gardens is limited and only possible as part of guided tours. These tours offer a chance to explore the gardens and learn about their history and significance. Tours are available in several languages and usually require reservations.

Attend a Papal Audience

An audience with the Pope is a unique experience, not just for Catholics but for all visitors. Every Wednesday, the Pope addresses the crowd in St. Peter’s Square, offering words of wisdom, faith, and encouragement. For many, it’s the highlight of their Vatican visit, a moment of deep connection with the central figure of Catholicism. Be aware, it can get crowded, and it might be challenging to get a good view of the Pope.

We hope this selection of activities helps you plan your Vatican visit. Have another idea? Feel free to share it in the comments.